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美联储公开市场委员会(FOMC)周三(7月31日)宣布维持政策利率至近零水平不变，并重申将维持目前的购债力度。这一政策决议与上一次基本决议内容一致。
美国联邦储备理事会(FED/美联储)周三称，美国经济继续复苏，但仍需要支持，联储没有提供在短期内开始放慢购债进度的任何暗示。
美联储表示，短期内将继续执行每月购买850亿美元公债和抵押贷款支持证券(MBS)的计划，以提振仍受联邦预算收紧和海外增长疲弱拖累的经济。
美联储称，上半年经济活动“温和”扩张，6月声明中称经济“适度”复苏。
声明中的另一些改变包括，美联储暗示担忧抵押贷款利率攀升，并警告通胀远低于目标的风险。
美联储称，“委员会认识到，通胀持续低于2%的目标可能拖累经济表现，但联储预期，通胀将在中期内向目标回升。”
美联储重申只要失业率高于6.5%，一至两年预估通胀不超过2.5%，较长期通胀预期牢牢受控，美联储就将维持联邦基金利率在0-0.25%区间。
堪萨斯城联储主席乔治投票反对政策决定，但圣路易斯联储主席布拉德一改上次的立场，投票支持联储的决定。 乔治担心继续高度宽松的货币政策增加未来经济和金融失衡的风险，并可能随着时间推高长期通胀预期。
Rockwell Securities驻纽约首席市场分析师Wayne Kaufman表示，“直到美联储看到劳工市场出现明显改善前，美联储将维持其资产购买规模。美联储称即使开始缩减购债，其也不愿看到利率急剧上升。”
利率决议公布后，黄金(1326.60,13.60,1.04%)在出现小幅下滑后开启单边上涨趋势，一度涨至1334美元/盎司。以下为最近两次美联储决议内容表：
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发布日期(美国时间) |
2013/7/31 |
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利率动向 |
委员会决定维持联邦基金利率目标在0-0.25%的区间不变，且目前预计至少只要失业率仍在6.5%之上，通胀一两年内预计不超过2.5%以及较长期通胀预期仍良好受控，这一水平将是合适的。 |
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会后声明重点 |
总体经济表现：美国联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)自6月会议以来获得的信息显示，今年上半年经济活动温和扩张。近几个月，就业市场状况显示进一步改善迹象，但失业率仍处于高位。家庭支出和企业固定投资增加，楼市进一步增强，但财政政策限制经济成长。
通货膨胀：通胀一直略低于委员会的较长期目标水准，但较长期通胀预期保持稳定。
继续推行无限量QE3：委员会决定将继续透过按每月400亿美元的进度购买机构抵押支持债券(MBS)，以及以每月450亿美元的进度购买较长期国债。委员会维持把所持机构债和机构MBS回笼本金再投资到机构MBS的现有政策，以及通过标购继续延长所持国债年期。 |
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会后声明重点(英文) |
Economy: “Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in June suggests that economic activity expanded at a modest pace during the first half of the year. Labor market conditions have shown further improvement in recent months, on balance, but the unemployment rate remains elevated. Household spending and business fixed investment advanced, and the housing sector has been strengthening, but mortgage rates have risen somewhat and fiscal policy is restraining economic growth.
Inflation: Partly reflecting transitory influences, inflation has been running below the Committee's longer-run objective, but longer-term inflation expectations have remained stable.
Purchasing additional MBS: To support a stronger economic recovery and to help ensure that inflation, over time, is at the rate most consistent with its dual mandate, the Committee decided to continue purchasing additional agency mortgage-backed securities at a pace of $40 billion per month and longer-term Treasury securities at a pace of $45 billion per month. |
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备注提示 |
堪萨斯联储主席乔治(Esther George)担心继续高度宽松的货币政策增加未来经济和金融失衡的风险，并可能随着时间推高长期通胀预期。 |
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发布日期(美国时间) |
2013/6/19 |
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利率动向 |
委员会决定维持联邦基金利率目标在0-0.25%的区间不变，且目前预计至少只要失业率仍在6.5%之上，通胀一两年内预计不超过2.5%以及较长期通胀预期仍良好受控，这一水平将是合适的。 |
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会后声明重点 |
总体经济表现：美国联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)自5月会议以来获得的信息显示，经济活动一直在温和扩张。近几个月，就业市场状况显示改善迹象，但失业率仍处于高位。家庭支出和企业固定投资增加，楼市进一步增强，但财政政策限制经济成长。
通货膨胀：通胀一直略低于委员会的较长期目标水准，但较长期通胀预期保持稳定。
继续推行无限量QE3：委员会决定将继续透过按每月400亿美元的进度购买机构抵押支持债券(MBS)，以及以每月450亿美元的进度购买较长期国债。委员会维持把所持机构债和机构MBS回笼本金再投资到机构MBS的现有政策，以及通过标购继续延长所持国债年期。 |
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会后声明重点(英文) |
Economy: Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in May suggests that economic activity has been expanding at a moderate pace. Labor market conditions have shown further improvement in recent months, on balance, but the unemployment rate remains elevated. Household spending and business fixed investment advanced, and the housing sector has strengthened further, but fiscal policy is restraining economic growth.
Inflation: Partly reflecting transitory influences, inflation has been running below the Committee's longer-run objective, but longer-term inflation expectations have remained stable.
Purchasing additional MBS: To support a stronger economic recovery and to help ensure that inflation, over time, is at the rate most consistent with its dual mandate, the Committee decided to continue purchasing additional agency mortgage-backed securities at a pace of $40 billion per month and longer-term Treasury securities at a pace of $45 billion per month. |
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备注提示 |
圣路易斯联储主席布拉德认为近期通胀数据较低令人担忧，堪萨斯联储主席乔治则担心未来失衡。 |
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发布日期(美国时间) |
2013/5/1 |
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利率动向 |
委员会还决定维持联邦基金利率目标在0-0.25%的区间不变，且目前预计至少只要失业率仍在6.5%之上，通胀一两年内预计不超过2.5%以及较长期通胀预期仍良好受控，这一水平将是合适的。 |
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会后声明重点 |
总体经济表现：联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)自3月会议以来获得的信息显示，在去年年底停滞后，经济恢复温和成长。近几个月，就业市场状况显示改善迹象，但失业率仍处于高位。家庭支出和企业固定投资增加，楼市进一步增强，但财政政策变得略显限制性。
通货膨胀：通胀一直略低于委员会的较长期目标水准之下，除了临时受到主要是反映能源价格波动的变数影响。较长期通胀预期保持稳定。
继续推行无限量QE3：委员会决定将继续透过按每月400亿美元的进度购买机构抵押支持债券(MBS)，以及以每月450亿美元的进度购买较长期国债。委员会维持把所持机构债和机构MBS回笼本金再投资到机构MBS的现有政策，以及通过标购继续延长所持国债年期。 |
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会后声明重点(英文) |
Economy: Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in January suggests a return to moderate economic growth following a pause late last year. Labor market conditions have shown signs of improvement in recent months but the unemployment rate remains elevated. Household spending and business fixed investment advanced, and the housing sector has strengthened further, but fiscal policy has become somewhat more restrictive.
Inflation: Inflation has been running somewhat below the Committee's longer-run objective, apart from temporary variations that largely reflect fluctuations in energy prices. Longer-term inflation expectations have remained stable.
Purchasing additional MBS: To support a stronger economic recovery and to help ensure that inflation, over time, is at the rate most consistent with its dual mandate, the Committee decided to continue purchasing additional agency mortgage-backed securities at a pace of $40 billion per month and longer-term Treasury securities at a pace of $45 billion per month. |
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备注提示 |
堪萨斯联储主席乔治(Esther George)担忧继续高度宽松的货币政策会增加未来经济和金融失衡的风险，并可能随着时间推高长期通胀预期。 |
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